Support self-efficacy
Self-efficacy is one's belief or confidence in their ability to carry out a target behavioural successfully. Hence, it is important to set a reachable and accessible target for patient to achieve, for example, reducing the number of cigarette slowly (tapering down) instead of asking to totally free from smoking in initial plan.
Also, elicit-provide concept help one to elicit information from the patients to have better understanding about their attitudes, belief, values and readiness to change.
Examples below are the eliciting statement to support self-efficacy
"It seems you have been working hard to quit smoking. That is different from before. How have you been able to do that?"
"Last you were not sure be able to go one day without smoke, how were you able to refrain yourself from smoking the entire past week?"
"So even though you have not been abstinent everyday this past week, you manage to cut down your number of cigarette significantly. How were you able to do that?"
At last, it is reminded to follow-up with a question about how patients feel about changes they made.
"How do you feel the changes you made?"
Thursday 25 April 2013
How To Develop Discrepancy | Motivational Interviewing
Developing Discrepancy
The purpose of this approach to raise the awareness of the patients so they perceive and understand the need to alter the behaviour. The discrepancy means how their current behaviour differ from their setting goals which inspire and motivate them to make a change.
To develop the discrepancy, one has to encourage patients setting their achievable goal themselves by emphasizing the pros and potential advantage if they successful in quit smoking, such as cost saving and health concern, on the other hand the cons of keeping the bad habit (health danger expose to family members). As the awareness of a discontent with costs of one's present course of beavhiours especially when behaviour is seen as conflicting to one's health, success or family happiness, discrepancy is more likely be triggered and then is higher chance to change.
Besides exploring the consequences or potential consequences of the patient's current behavours, one has to try create, emphasize and amplify in the patient's mind a discrepancy between their current behaviour and their set goals.
The purpose of this approach to raise the awareness of the patients so they perceive and understand the need to alter the behaviour. The discrepancy means how their current behaviour differ from their setting goals which inspire and motivate them to make a change.
To develop the discrepancy, one has to encourage patients setting their achievable goal themselves by emphasizing the pros and potential advantage if they successful in quit smoking, such as cost saving and health concern, on the other hand the cons of keeping the bad habit (health danger expose to family members). As the awareness of a discontent with costs of one's present course of beavhiours especially when behaviour is seen as conflicting to one's health, success or family happiness, discrepancy is more likely be triggered and then is higher chance to change.
Besides exploring the consequences or potential consequences of the patient's current behavours, one has to try create, emphasize and amplify in the patient's mind a discrepancy between their current behaviour and their set goals.
How To Express Empathy | Motivational Interviewing
Expressing empathy
Since building up a strong rapport with the patients is a crucial way in motivational interviewing, one has to remind the importance of showing empathy to patients, understand their view and has their points and views from their perspective and thoughts. As mentioned above, use your reflective listening skill to build up patients' self esteem, and then strengthen and emphasize what they are trying to express with judging, criticizing or blaming to help forming a mutual relationship.
Since building up a strong rapport with the patients is a crucial way in motivational interviewing, one has to remind the importance of showing empathy to patients, understand their view and has their points and views from their perspective and thoughts. As mentioned above, use your reflective listening skill to build up patients' self esteem, and then strengthen and emphasize what they are trying to express with judging, criticizing or blaming to help forming a mutual relationship.
Reflective Listening Example | How To Apply
Reflective Listening
Reflective listening is a way of showing empathy to patients, making them feel their thought are being given attention and have us thought from their perspective. By this, you have to listen to patients what they are saying or what they are trying to say, even if you do not agree with their views, and then reply back to them by paraphrasing or summarizing their opinions.
Example of reflective listening (specific)
"It sounds like you don't want to quit smoking at this time"
Examples of reflective listening (generic)
"It sounds like..."
"What I hear you saying..."
"It seems as if..."
"So on the one hand it sounds like..., and yet on the other hand..."
"I get the sense that..."
"It feel as though..."
Reflective listening is a way of showing empathy to patients, making them feel their thought are being given attention and have us thought from their perspective. By this, you have to listen to patients what they are saying or what they are trying to say, even if you do not agree with their views, and then reply back to them by paraphrasing or summarizing their opinions.
Example of reflective listening (specific)
"It sounds like you don't want to quit smoking at this time"
Examples of reflective listening (generic)
"It sounds like..."
"What I hear you saying..."
"It seems as if..."
"So on the one hand it sounds like..., and yet on the other hand..."
"I get the sense that..."
"It feel as though..."
Rolling With Resistance Application | Example
Roll with resistance
Resistance is the patient's denial to change and may take several forms: Negating, arguing or challenging, interrupting, ignoring, blaming, excusing and minimizing. Hence, when facing these patients we do not have to oppose them directly but instead rolling or flowing with it as direct confrontation may only create additional barriers leading to more difficult condition. A person's resistance is expected and it would be more effective if the reason behind the resistance is understood and discovered.
It is also be reminded that to avoid direct argument with the parents if have different opinion or false belief towards smoking. Instead, use listening skill to diffuse or prevent some of their instinctive defensiveness. Also, try to encourage the patients come up their own solution rather than forcing suggestion on them. This approach will help them feel empowered rather than attacked.
Resistance is the patient's denial to change and may take several forms: Negating, arguing or challenging, interrupting, ignoring, blaming, excusing and minimizing. Hence, when facing these patients we do not have to oppose them directly but instead rolling or flowing with it as direct confrontation may only create additional barriers leading to more difficult condition. A person's resistance is expected and it would be more effective if the reason behind the resistance is understood and discovered.
It is also be reminded that to avoid direct argument with the parents if have different opinion or false belief towards smoking. Instead, use listening skill to diffuse or prevent some of their instinctive defensiveness. Also, try to encourage the patients come up their own solution rather than forcing suggestion on them. This approach will help them feel empowered rather than attacked.
Motivational Interviewing Principles | Definition | Spirit
Motivational Interviewing is a client-centered, directive method for enhancing intrinsic motivation to change by exploring and resolving ambivalence, is also a form of guidance to elicit and strengthen motivation and inspiration to make a change. (Miller & Rollnick)
Motivational Interviewing Principles | Definition | Spirit
The Spirit of Motivational Interviewing
Through this approach, health care provider must realise that the motivation to change is elicited from the client and it is the client's task to resolve his/her ambivalence, instead of the counselor's articulation. One must know that direct persuasion is not an effective method for resolving the problem.
The counselling style is generally quiet and eliciting in the direction of helping the client to examine and resolve ambivalence by self. Thus, the therapeutic relationship between the counselor and patient is more like a partnership or companionship than expert/recipient roles.
Principles of Motivational Interviewing
The 5 key principles of motivational interviewing would be "READS"
R - Roll with resistance
E - Express empathy
A - Avoid argumentation
D - Develop discrepancy
S - Support self-efficacy
The principles should be applied appropriately throughout the interaction to patients depends on their personality and characteristics. It is not necessarily be applied in any particular order.
Motivational Interviewing Principles | Definition | Spirit
The Spirit of Motivational Interviewing
Through this approach, health care provider must realise that the motivation to change is elicited from the client and it is the client's task to resolve his/her ambivalence, instead of the counselor's articulation. One must know that direct persuasion is not an effective method for resolving the problem.
The counselling style is generally quiet and eliciting in the direction of helping the client to examine and resolve ambivalence by self. Thus, the therapeutic relationship between the counselor and patient is more like a partnership or companionship than expert/recipient roles.
Principles of Motivational Interviewing
The 5 key principles of motivational interviewing would be "READS"
R - Roll with resistance
E - Express empathy
A - Avoid argumentation
D - Develop discrepancy
S - Support self-efficacy
The principles should be applied appropriately throughout the interaction to patients depends on their personality and characteristics. It is not necessarily be applied in any particular order.
5R's Strategies To Counsel Patient Who Deny To Quit Smoking | Relevance, Risks, Rewards, Roadblocks, Repetition
5R Strategies of Counselling
Relevance
Relevance would simply means that explaining or informing the patients regarding their personal relevance of smoking effect to their life, as specific as possible to persuade them. It has the greatest impact if it is most relevant to patient's disease status, health risk, family or social environment. For instance, for patients having cardiovascular disease that would be seriously affected by smoking, having children exposed to danger of second hand smoke, and financial problems.
Risks
Health care provider should ask the patient to identify potential adverse consequences of smoking which are most relevant to them. It must be emphasized to patient that the use of other form of tobacco or smoking low tar or nicotine content does not eliminate the risk.
The example for acute risks would be suffering of shortness of breath, reduced stamina, exacerbation of asthma, impotence and infertility.
Long term risks include increase frequency and chances of heart attack and strokes, high risk of contracting lung cancers, exaggerating COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease).
Environmental risk would be posing health danger to family members, such as increasing risk of lung cancer and respirator infection.
Rewards
Rewards would be the opposite of Risks. Ask the patient to identify the potential benifit if he or she success in quit smoking, and highlight those most relevant to patient. Examples are as follows
Roadblocks
Roadblocks refer to the potential barriers or predicament that impede or deter the process to quit smoking. Typical barriers are withdrawal symptoms, weight gain, lack of support, addiction to enjoyment of tobacco, and depression.
Repetition
Repetition means expose the patient repeatedly toward the motivational intervention and the awareness every time patient visiting the clinic. Patient should know that many of the successful quitters does not make it at only first few attempts.
Relevance
Relevance would simply means that explaining or informing the patients regarding their personal relevance of smoking effect to their life, as specific as possible to persuade them. It has the greatest impact if it is most relevant to patient's disease status, health risk, family or social environment. For instance, for patients having cardiovascular disease that would be seriously affected by smoking, having children exposed to danger of second hand smoke, and financial problems.
Risks
Health care provider should ask the patient to identify potential adverse consequences of smoking which are most relevant to them. It must be emphasized to patient that the use of other form of tobacco or smoking low tar or nicotine content does not eliminate the risk.
The example for acute risks would be suffering of shortness of breath, reduced stamina, exacerbation of asthma, impotence and infertility.
Long term risks include increase frequency and chances of heart attack and strokes, high risk of contracting lung cancers, exaggerating COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease).
Environmental risk would be posing health danger to family members, such as increasing risk of lung cancer and respirator infection.
Rewards
Rewards would be the opposite of Risks. Ask the patient to identify the potential benifit if he or she success in quit smoking, and highlight those most relevant to patient. Examples are as follows
- Improved health condition, lower risk of cardiovascular disease
- Improved sense of smell and taste
- Save money
- Healthier lifestyle to self as well as family
- Feel better physically and mentally
Roadblocks
Roadblocks refer to the potential barriers or predicament that impede or deter the process to quit smoking. Typical barriers are withdrawal symptoms, weight gain, lack of support, addiction to enjoyment of tobacco, and depression.
Repetition
Repetition means expose the patient repeatedly toward the motivational intervention and the awareness every time patient visiting the clinic. Patient should know that many of the successful quitters does not make it at only first few attempts.
Motivational Interviewing for Quit Smoking | How To Apply
Motivational Intervention
For patients who are not ready mentally to make a quit attempt for smoking, health care provider should apply motivational intervention to motivate and inspire patient to quit smoking initially. They are not desired or willingly to stop smoking may due to some reasons, such as lacking of information and facts regarding the harmful effects of tobacco, unaware of financial impact. Besides, they may also have fear of failure or concerns about quitting, as well as the experience of being demoralized because of previous relapse. Hence, motivational intervention should be acquired to educate and reassure these patients towards the first step of stop smoking.
Motivation is a dynamic process. It is multidimensional, fluctuating and may be defined as the probability that a person will enter into, continue and adhere to a specific change strategy. It is absolutely the first key to success.
The 5R Strategies applied in motivational intervention are "Relevance", "Risks", "Rewards", "Roadblocks" and "Repetition". It is advised that health care provider to apply the key principles and strategies in order to efficiently make the 'program' a success.
Tags: How to apply motivational intervention for quit smoking, motivational intervention approach
For patients who are not ready mentally to make a quit attempt for smoking, health care provider should apply motivational intervention to motivate and inspire patient to quit smoking initially. They are not desired or willingly to stop smoking may due to some reasons, such as lacking of information and facts regarding the harmful effects of tobacco, unaware of financial impact. Besides, they may also have fear of failure or concerns about quitting, as well as the experience of being demoralized because of previous relapse. Hence, motivational intervention should be acquired to educate and reassure these patients towards the first step of stop smoking.
Motivation is a dynamic process. It is multidimensional, fluctuating and may be defined as the probability that a person will enter into, continue and adhere to a specific change strategy. It is absolutely the first key to success.
The 5R Strategies applied in motivational intervention are "Relevance", "Risks", "Rewards", "Roadblocks" and "Repetition". It is advised that health care provider to apply the key principles and strategies in order to efficiently make the 'program' a success.
Tags: How to apply motivational intervention for quit smoking, motivational intervention approach
How To Motivate Someone To Quit Smoking | Motivational Intervention for Smoking Cessation
Enhancing motivation to quit smoking
Motivational Intervention
For patients who are not ready mentally to make a quit attempt for smoking, health care provider should apply motivational intervention to motivate and inspire patient to quit smoking initially. They are not desired or willingly to stop smoking may due to some reasons, such as lacking of information and facts regarding the harmful effects of tobacco, unaware of financial impact. Besides, they may also have fear of failure or concerns about quitting, as well as the experience of being demoralized because of previous relapse. Hence, motivational intervention should be acquired to educate and reassure these patients towards the first step of stop smoking.
Motivation is a dynamic process. It is multidimensional, fluctuating and may be defined as the probability that a person will enter into, continue and adhere to a specific change strategy. It is absolutely the first key to success.
The 5R Strategies applied in motivational intervention are "Relevance", "Risks", "Rewards", "Roadblocks" and "Repetition". It is advised that health care provider to apply the key principles and strategies in order to efficiently make the 'program' a success.
Relevance
Relevance would simply means that explaining or informing the patients regarding their personal relevance of smoking effect to their life, as specific as possible to persuade them. It has the greatest impact if it is most relevant to patient's disease status, health risk, family or social environment. For instance, for patients having cardiovascular disease that would be seriously affected by smoking, having children exposed to danger of second hand smoke, and financial problems.
Risks
Health care provider should ask the patient to identify potential adverse consequences of smoking which are most relevant to them. It must be emphasized to patient that the use of other form of tobacco or smoking low tar or nicotine content does not eliminate the risk.
The example for acute risks would be suffering of shortness of breath, reduced stamina, exacerbation of asthma, impotence and infertility.
Long term risks include increase frequency and chances of heart attack and strokes, high risk of contracting lung cancers, exaggerating COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease).
Environmental risk would be posing health danger to family members, such as increasing risk of lung cancer and respirator infection.
Rewards
Rewards would be the opposite of Risks. Ask the patient to identify the potential benifit if he or she success in quit smoking, and highlight those most relevant to patient. Examples are as follows
Improved health condition, lower risk of cardiovascular disease
Improved sense of smell and taste
Save money
Healthier lifestyle to self as well as family
Feel better physically and mentally
Roadblocks
Roadblocks refer to the potential barriers or predicament that impede or deter the process to quit smoking. Typical barriers are withdrawal symptoms, weight gain, lack of support, addiction to enjoyment of tobacco, and depression.
Repetition
Repetition means expose the patient repeatedly toward the motivational intervention and the awareness every time patient visiting the clinic. Patient should know that many of the successful quitters does not make it at only first few attempts.
Motivational Interviewing is a client-centered, directive method for enhancing intrinsic motivation to change by exploring and resolving ambivalence, is also a form of guidance to elicit and strengthen motivation and inspiration to make a change. (Miller & Rollnick)
The Spirit of Motivational Interviewing
Through this approach, health care provider must realise that the motivation to change is elicited from the client and it is the client's task to resolve his/her ambivalence, instead of the counselor's articulation. One must know that direct persuasion is not an effective method for resolving the problem.
The counselling style is generally quiet and eliciting in the direction of helping the client to examine and resolve ambivalence by self. Thus, the therapeutic relationship between the counselor and patient is more like a partnership or companionship than expert/recipient roles.
Principles of Motivational Interviewing
The 5 key principles of motivational interviewing would be "READS"
R - Roll with resistance
E - Express empathy
A - Avoid argumentation
D - Develop discrepancy
S - Support self-efficacy
The principles should be applied appropriately throughout the interaction to patients depends on their personality and characteristics. It is not necessarily be applied in any particular order.
Roll with resistance
Resistance is the patient's denial to change and may take several forms: Negating, arguing or challenging, interrupting, ignoring, blaming, excusing and minimizing. Hence, when facing these patients we do not have to oppose them directly but instead rolling or flowing with it as direct confrontation may only create additional barriers leading to more difficult condition. A person's resistance is expected and it would be more effective if the reason behind the resistance is understood and discovered.
It is also be reminded that to avoid direct argument with the parents if have different opinion or false belief towards smoking. Instead, use listening skill to diffuse or prevent some of their instinctive defensiveness. Also, try to encourage the patients come up their own solution rather than forcing suggestion on them. This approach will help them feel empowered rather than attacked.
Reflective Listening
Reflective listening is a way of showing empathy to patients, making them feel their thought are being given attention and have us thought from their perspective. By this, you have to listen to patients what they are saying or what they are trying to say, even if you do not agree with their views, and then reply back to them by paraphrasing or summarizing their opinions.
Example of reflective listening (specific)
"It sounds like you don't want to quit smoking at this time"
Examples of reflective listening (generic)
"It sounds like..."
"What I hear you saying..."
"It seems as if..."
"So on the one hand it sounds like..., and yet on the other hand..."
"I get the sense that..."
"It feel as though..."
Expressing empathy
Since building up a strong rapport with the patients is a crucial way in motivational interviewing, one has to remind the importance of showing empathy to patients, understand their view and has their points and views from their perspective and thoughts. As mentioned above, use your reflective listening skill to build up patients' self esteem, and then strengthen and emphasize what they are trying to express with judging, criticizing or blaming to help forming a mutual relationship.
Avoid argumentation
Direct argument won't help but instead aggravate the interviewing atmosphere. One must take note that patients' resistance to change will increase as there is direct argument or confrontation occur. Also, increase in patients' resistance showing that interviewer's strategy has to be changed.
Developing Discrepancy
The purpose of this approach to raise the awareness of the patients so they perceive and understand the need to alter the behaviour. The discrepancy means how their current behaviour differ from their setting goals which inspire and motivate them to make a change.
To develop the discrepancy, one has to encourage patients setting their achievable goal themselves by emphasizing the pros and potential advantage if they successful in quit smoking, such as cost saving and health concern, on the other hand the cons of keeping the bad habit (health danger expose to family members). As the awareness of a discontent with costs of one's present course of beavhiours especially when behaviour is seen as conflicting to one's health, success or family happiness, discrepancy is more likely be triggered and then is higher chance to change.
Besides exploring the consequences or potential consequences of the patient's current behavours, one has to try create, emphasize and amplify in the patient's mind a discrepancy between their current behaviour and their set goals.
Support self-efficacy
Self-efficacy is one's belief or confidence in their ability to carry out a target behavioural successfully. Hence, it is important to set a reachable and accessible target for patient to achieve, for example, reducing the number of cigarette slowly (tapering down) instead of asking to totally free from smoking in initial plan.
Also, elicit-provide concept help one to elicit information from the patients to have better understanding about their attitudes, belief, values and readiness to change.
Examples below are the eliciting statement to support self-efficacy
"It seems you have been working hard to quit smoking. That is different from before. How have you been able to do that?"
"Last you were not sure be able to go one day without smoke, how were you able to refrain yourself from smoking the entire past week?"
"So even though you have not been abstinent everyday this past week, you manage to cut down your number of cigarette significantly. How were you able to do that?"
At last, it is reminded to follow-up with a question about how patients feel about changes they made.
"How do you feel the changes you made?"
Tags: How to persuade my friends to quit smoking, how to motivate people to quit smoking, smoking cessation program, encourage my family to stop smoking
Motivational Intervention
For patients who are not ready mentally to make a quit attempt for smoking, health care provider should apply motivational intervention to motivate and inspire patient to quit smoking initially. They are not desired or willingly to stop smoking may due to some reasons, such as lacking of information and facts regarding the harmful effects of tobacco, unaware of financial impact. Besides, they may also have fear of failure or concerns about quitting, as well as the experience of being demoralized because of previous relapse. Hence, motivational intervention should be acquired to educate and reassure these patients towards the first step of stop smoking.
Motivation is a dynamic process. It is multidimensional, fluctuating and may be defined as the probability that a person will enter into, continue and adhere to a specific change strategy. It is absolutely the first key to success.
The 5R Strategies applied in motivational intervention are "Relevance", "Risks", "Rewards", "Roadblocks" and "Repetition". It is advised that health care provider to apply the key principles and strategies in order to efficiently make the 'program' a success.
Relevance
Relevance would simply means that explaining or informing the patients regarding their personal relevance of smoking effect to their life, as specific as possible to persuade them. It has the greatest impact if it is most relevant to patient's disease status, health risk, family or social environment. For instance, for patients having cardiovascular disease that would be seriously affected by smoking, having children exposed to danger of second hand smoke, and financial problems.
Risks
Health care provider should ask the patient to identify potential adverse consequences of smoking which are most relevant to them. It must be emphasized to patient that the use of other form of tobacco or smoking low tar or nicotine content does not eliminate the risk.
The example for acute risks would be suffering of shortness of breath, reduced stamina, exacerbation of asthma, impotence and infertility.
Long term risks include increase frequency and chances of heart attack and strokes, high risk of contracting lung cancers, exaggerating COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease).
Environmental risk would be posing health danger to family members, such as increasing risk of lung cancer and respirator infection.
Rewards
Rewards would be the opposite of Risks. Ask the patient to identify the potential benifit if he or she success in quit smoking, and highlight those most relevant to patient. Examples are as follows
Improved health condition, lower risk of cardiovascular disease
Improved sense of smell and taste
Save money
Healthier lifestyle to self as well as family
Feel better physically and mentally
Roadblocks
Roadblocks refer to the potential barriers or predicament that impede or deter the process to quit smoking. Typical barriers are withdrawal symptoms, weight gain, lack of support, addiction to enjoyment of tobacco, and depression.
Repetition
Repetition means expose the patient repeatedly toward the motivational intervention and the awareness every time patient visiting the clinic. Patient should know that many of the successful quitters does not make it at only first few attempts.
Motivational Interviewing is a client-centered, directive method for enhancing intrinsic motivation to change by exploring and resolving ambivalence, is also a form of guidance to elicit and strengthen motivation and inspiration to make a change. (Miller & Rollnick)
The Spirit of Motivational Interviewing
Through this approach, health care provider must realise that the motivation to change is elicited from the client and it is the client's task to resolve his/her ambivalence, instead of the counselor's articulation. One must know that direct persuasion is not an effective method for resolving the problem.
The counselling style is generally quiet and eliciting in the direction of helping the client to examine and resolve ambivalence by self. Thus, the therapeutic relationship between the counselor and patient is more like a partnership or companionship than expert/recipient roles.
Principles of Motivational Interviewing
The 5 key principles of motivational interviewing would be "READS"
R - Roll with resistance
E - Express empathy
A - Avoid argumentation
D - Develop discrepancy
S - Support self-efficacy
The principles should be applied appropriately throughout the interaction to patients depends on their personality and characteristics. It is not necessarily be applied in any particular order.
Roll with resistance
Resistance is the patient's denial to change and may take several forms: Negating, arguing or challenging, interrupting, ignoring, blaming, excusing and minimizing. Hence, when facing these patients we do not have to oppose them directly but instead rolling or flowing with it as direct confrontation may only create additional barriers leading to more difficult condition. A person's resistance is expected and it would be more effective if the reason behind the resistance is understood and discovered.
It is also be reminded that to avoid direct argument with the parents if have different opinion or false belief towards smoking. Instead, use listening skill to diffuse or prevent some of their instinctive defensiveness. Also, try to encourage the patients come up their own solution rather than forcing suggestion on them. This approach will help them feel empowered rather than attacked.
Reflective Listening
Reflective listening is a way of showing empathy to patients, making them feel their thought are being given attention and have us thought from their perspective. By this, you have to listen to patients what they are saying or what they are trying to say, even if you do not agree with their views, and then reply back to them by paraphrasing or summarizing their opinions.
Example of reflective listening (specific)
"It sounds like you don't want to quit smoking at this time"
Examples of reflective listening (generic)
"It sounds like..."
"What I hear you saying..."
"It seems as if..."
"So on the one hand it sounds like..., and yet on the other hand..."
"I get the sense that..."
"It feel as though..."
Expressing empathy
Since building up a strong rapport with the patients is a crucial way in motivational interviewing, one has to remind the importance of showing empathy to patients, understand their view and has their points and views from their perspective and thoughts. As mentioned above, use your reflective listening skill to build up patients' self esteem, and then strengthen and emphasize what they are trying to express with judging, criticizing or blaming to help forming a mutual relationship.
Avoid argumentation
Direct argument won't help but instead aggravate the interviewing atmosphere. One must take note that patients' resistance to change will increase as there is direct argument or confrontation occur. Also, increase in patients' resistance showing that interviewer's strategy has to be changed.
Developing Discrepancy
The purpose of this approach to raise the awareness of the patients so they perceive and understand the need to alter the behaviour. The discrepancy means how their current behaviour differ from their setting goals which inspire and motivate them to make a change.
To develop the discrepancy, one has to encourage patients setting their achievable goal themselves by emphasizing the pros and potential advantage if they successful in quit smoking, such as cost saving and health concern, on the other hand the cons of keeping the bad habit (health danger expose to family members). As the awareness of a discontent with costs of one's present course of beavhiours especially when behaviour is seen as conflicting to one's health, success or family happiness, discrepancy is more likely be triggered and then is higher chance to change.
Besides exploring the consequences or potential consequences of the patient's current behavours, one has to try create, emphasize and amplify in the patient's mind a discrepancy between their current behaviour and their set goals.
Support self-efficacy
Self-efficacy is one's belief or confidence in their ability to carry out a target behavioural successfully. Hence, it is important to set a reachable and accessible target for patient to achieve, for example, reducing the number of cigarette slowly (tapering down) instead of asking to totally free from smoking in initial plan.
Also, elicit-provide concept help one to elicit information from the patients to have better understanding about their attitudes, belief, values and readiness to change.
Examples below are the eliciting statement to support self-efficacy
"It seems you have been working hard to quit smoking. That is different from before. How have you been able to do that?"
"Last you were not sure be able to go one day without smoke, how were you able to refrain yourself from smoking the entire past week?"
"So even though you have not been abstinent everyday this past week, you manage to cut down your number of cigarette significantly. How were you able to do that?"
At last, it is reminded to follow-up with a question about how patients feel about changes they made.
"How do you feel the changes you made?"
Tags: How to persuade my friends to quit smoking, how to motivate people to quit smoking, smoking cessation program, encourage my family to stop smoking
Sunday 14 April 2013
How To Show Google Instant All 10 Results
Google Instant help one's to reduce searching time by displaying a list of suggestions probably the searcher is looking for. It is based on the latest trends and updates that the population is looking for that keywords in their search. Hence, not only google instant helps to reduce the burden and improve the efficiency, it also help one's when planning of the keywords in their website through SEO (Search Engine Optimization).
How To Show Google Instant All 10 Results
To Show the list of 10 of results for google instant instead of only 4 (default), you have to just simply click on the gear button located at the upright corner of the website. Then, Click on the "Search Settings". You would notice "Google Instant Predictions" whereby asking you when to show you the results while typing. You just have to choose "Never show instant results" and then save the setting. It's done as easy as this!
You may be surprised why such setting could help to show the list of 10 google instant. Ya, I would say, this may be probably due to some bugs occurring for this search settings. Because before this, one only have to choose on the search results and select "show all related searches" to enable seeing all the google instant, while current setting may look a bit weird. And I believe this bug will be rectified very soon.
Tags: How to turn on or off google instant, google instant setting help, google instant not working
Saturday 13 April 2013
How To Boil Eggs
There are variety ways to boil an egg, depending on the preferred style you want to make, whether you want it to be soft-boiled, hard-boiled, or over-boiled. The most typical and common would be using the appliances which can be easily purchased from most of the markets or food store that purposed for boiling eggs at an affordable price. The appliance is very easy to use and there is a guide on the level of water you need to put in to boil the eggs to the degree desired.
How to boil eggs
In case if you don't want to buy the appliance, the alternative will be using the metal made cup or bowl. Pour the boiling water into the and cover it. Wait for around 15 minutes before you open it up. The degree of boiled eggs depends on the capacity of water that the container can hold. Once you get used to the volume of boiling water used and time needed, you can adjust and get the boiled eggs up to your preference.
Another way would be cooking the eggs directly. However, notes must be taken that you should not boil over 15 minutes as this may results in whites rubbery while yolks become crumbly. Also, never boil the eggs rapidly as this will cause the eggs to turn rubbery and tough. It is always preferred to cook the eggs at low temperature slowly.
Tags: How to boil eggs correctly, how to boil eggs properly, how to soft boil an egg easily, quick guide on boiling eggs
Wednesday 10 April 2013
How To Lose Weight Effectively
Undoubtedly, in our current society of sophisticated technology, we are most living in the sedentary lifestyle which is the most important factor leading to weight gain. The obesity population is keep increasing despite the health campaign launched and emphasized. However, many still realise and acknowledge that obesity affects our health especially in term of cardiovascular disease. Thus, there are some tips below help to reduce weight naturally and healthily.
How To Lose Weight Effectively
First of all, never expect the shortcut way to keep your body fit. Even nowadays there some maybe some of the medicines may help to keep the body slim without exercising, one must learn to know that there are some undiscovered adverse effects if the medicines or supplement taken in long term. Furthermore, even surgery success to remove or transfer your fat, without proper diet and healthy lifestyle, finally you won't keep your body weight too.
Hence, here is the advice. I'm taking the example of real life people who succeed to lost their body weight healthily. One common way that known to all of us is exercise. You must learn to LOVE the exercise. Find one of your most favourite sports to indulge in and only when you 'fall in love' to the sport, you would spend and contribute your time willingly to exercise.
The next would be healthy diet. You don't need to avoid but only reduce the food taken that contain high salt, sugar or oily food. If you success to exercise at least twice a week (even simple jogging or brisk walk for more than half an hour), you may not worry too much about the diet. "I'm able to keep my body fit even I eat fast food more than 3 times a week, what to do is my eagerness and willingness to exercise". That's how output balance the input.
Tags: how to lose weight naturally, how to reduce weight efficiently, how to lose weight in short term, how to lose weight permanently, tips and guides to lose weight
Tuesday 9 April 2013
How To Get Out Of Fear
One's would easily get fear when encountering difficulties, inexperienced, unable to adapt to new environment, or fear of failure. Sometimes one become dreadful with fear overwhelming his or her mind when facing certain predicament or even the same problem over and over again. And the fear make one failure in the end.
How To Get Out Of Fear
So how to overcome your fear? Here give you acknowledgement on the power of the subconscious mind. For instance, if you are fear of public speaking, and the very first public speaking in your life defaced you once, you would likely to have the fear for your rest of your life whenever there's any other public speaking or performance if you do not make yourself out of the 'trap'. The feeling of fear inculcate in your mind subconsciously which subsequently discourage you for your next encounters. You would even feel shivering and abnormal heartbeat before step on the stage.
The subconscious mind get better than you. So what you have to do is to change your mind, by giving false belief and confidence.
Tags: How to overcome your fear and anxiety, how to get rid of fear, how to eliminate fear, how to get fear out of my mind
Saturday 6 April 2013
How To Motivate Yourself
In order to have higher or stimulation and motivation in life, one has first to keep and maintain good habit of life. Good habit can make you subconsciously culture positive attitude in life.
How To Improve Your Confidence
A lot of people are indecisive when coming to make an important decision in their life. This is simply because they are lacking of self-confidence which is one of the most important soft skills that should be applied in our daily life.
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